Hypothyroidism: An underactive thyroid gland.

What is Hypothyroidism ?

Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland, located in the neck, does not produce enough thyroid hormone. This hormone helps regulate many important body functions, including metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature.

what are the symptoms of Hypothyroidism ?

·  Fatigue

·  Weight gain

·  Cold intolerance

·  Constipation

·  Dry skin and hair

·  Muscle weakness

·  Joint pain

·  Heavy menstrual bleeding

·  Hoarse voice

·  Slow heart rate

·  Depression

who can suffer from Hypothyroidism ?

·  Women: Women are more likely to develop hypothyroidism than men, especially after menopause.

·  Older adults: The risk of hypothyroidism increases with age.

·  People with autoimmune disorders: People with other autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto’s disease, are at a higher risk.

·  People who have had thyroid surgery or radiation therapy: These treatments can damage the thyroid gland.

·  People taking certain medications: Some medications, such as lithium and amiodarone, can interfere with thyroid hormone production.

What are the types of Hypothyroidism ?

·  Primary hypothyroidism: This is the most common type, where the thyroid gland itself is not producing enough hormone.

·  Secondary hypothyroidism: This occurs when the pituitary gland, which controls the thyroid gland, is not producing enough thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

·  Tertiary hypothyroidism: This is a rare condition where the hypothalamus, which controls the pituitary gland, is not producing enough thyroid-releasing hormone.

Which diagnostic tests are available for Hypothyroidism?

·  Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) blood test: This is the most common test for hypothyroidism. A high TSH level indicates that the thyroid gland is not producing enough hormone.

·  Free T4 blood test: This test measures the amount of free (unbound) T4, the main form of thyroid hormone in the blood.

·  Free T3 blood test: This test measures the amount of free T3, another form of thyroid hormone.

·  Thyroid ultrasound: This imaging test can help visualize the thyroid gland and check for any abnormalities.

·  Radioactive iodine uptake test: This test measures how well the thyroid gland is absorbing iodine, a necessary nutrient for thyroid hormone production.

What is the treatment of Hypothyroidism ?

·  Levothyroxine: This is the most common treatment for hypothyroidism. It is a synthetic thyroid hormone that replaces the hormone that the thyroid gland is not producing.

·  Lifestyle changes: In some cases, lifestyle changes, such as losing weight or managing stress, can help improve thyroid function.

Which diet I should take, if any ?

·  While there is no specific diet for hypothyroidism, eating a healthy, balanced diet can help you manage your overall health.

·  It is important to avoid eating excessive amounts of soy products, as they can interfere with thyroid hormone absorption.

·  If you have celiac disease or a gluten intolerance, you may need to avoid gluten-containing foods.

Which speciality of the doctor will treat Hypothyroidism ?

Endocrinologists are specialists who treat disorders of the endocrine system, including hypothyroidism.

Is Hypothyroidism completely curable ?

Hypothyroidism is not a curable disease, but it can be effectively managed with treatment. With proper treatment, most people with hypothyroidism can live normal, healthy lives.